Sri Lanka’s Hambantota Port is witnessing the natural growth of coral colonies along its breakwaters and artificial island, presenting a unique opportunity for conservation and research. The port, developed on reclaimed land and later flooded with seawater, has unexpectedly become a sanctuary for various coral species. Recognizing this ecological phenomenon, the port’s China-backed operating company has initiated a research project to study and protect these marine ecosystems.
The initiative aligns with the port’s commitment to sustainability under its ‘green port’ policy, which aims to balance industrial development with environmental preservation. The Coral Reef Protection Project, in collaboration with the Ocean University of Sri Lanka (OCUSL), seeks to assess the coral cover, species diversity, and presence of marine organisms such as fish, invertebrates, and algae.
“Several thriving coral colonies have developed within the port’s channel and basin,” said Wilson Qu, Chief Executive of Hambantota International Port Group. “Beyond fostering natural growth, we recognized the need for scientific research to understand and sustain this ecosystem.”
Coral reefs play a vital role in marine biodiversity, providing habitats for numerous marine species. Corals, though invertebrates, contribute to reef-building through their calcium carbonate skeletons. Some gain their vibrant colors from algae growing on their surface, while others, like soft corals, resemble anemones without skeletons.
Leading the research efforts is M.F.M. Fairoz, Senior Lecturer at OCUSL’s Faculty of Fisheries and Ocean Science. Over the next five months, the team will monitor coral health, establish a baseline for future conservation, and contribute insights to global coral restoration initiatives.
“This project not only evaluates coral cover and species diversity but also provides students with hands-on experience in marine biology and conservation,” Fairoz emphasized. “Fieldwork and data analysis will enhance their practical skills while advancing crucial marine research.”
Images released from the port showcase various coral species, including lettuce leaf coral, staghorn coral, and brain grooved coral, alongside diverse marine life. The project underscores the urgent need for coral reef conservation in Sri Lanka, ensuring these fragile ecosystems thrive despite environmental challenges.
Among requirements for some types of corals is to be protected from strong wave action.
The study will also evaluate sea water quality, macroalgae growth, with the ultimate goal of assessing the health of coral ecosystems and their potential as models for future conservation and restoration efforts.
Hambantota International Port has initially allocated 1.2 million rupees for the first phase of the project, Jeevan Premasara – Senior General Manager HR and Admin said. The first phase will be completed in May 2025.
